Lois Smith, MD, PhD
Ophthalmologist, Department of Ophthalmology
Professor, Harvard Medical School
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Lois Smith, MD, PhD
Ophthalmologist, Department of Ophthalmology
Professor, Harvard Medical School
Medical Services
Languages
English
Education
Undergraduate School
University of British Columbia
1968
Vancouver, British Columbia
Canada
Medical School
Boston University School of Medicine
1978
Boston
MA
Internship
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
1979
Boston
MA
Residency
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
1982
Boston
MA
Fellowship
Boston Children's Hospital
1983
Boston
MA
Certifications
American Board of Ophthalmology (General)
Publications
Evaluation of timed dexamethasone eye drops to prevent proliferative retinopathy of prematurity: a study protocol for a randomized intervention, multi-centre, double-blinded trial (DROPROP). View Abstract
ApoM-bound S1P acts via endothelial S1PR1 to suppress choroidal neovascularization and vascular leakage. View Abstract
Choroidal Neovascularization Is Suppressed With Activation of TREM2 in Mononuclear Phagocytes-Brief Report. View Abstract
Visual and refractive outcomes in pediatric Marfan syndrome. View Abstract
Association between Early Postnatal Hydrocortisone and Retinopathy of Prematurity in Extremely Preterm Infants. View Abstract
Platelet characteristics in extremely preterm infants after fatty acid supplementation: a randomized controlled trial. View Abstract
Increased risk of autism in extremely preterm children with a history of retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Therapeutic Effects of Taurine and Histidine Supplementation in Retinal Diseases. View Abstract
Correction: Mitochondrial control of hypoxia-induced pathological retinal angiogenesis. View Abstract
Timed topical dexamethasone eye drops improve mitochondrial function to prevent severe retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Mitochondrial control of hypoxia-induced pathological retinal angiogenesis. View Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A inhibited ocular angiogenesis through modulating glial activation via SOCS3. View Abstract
Timed topical dexamethasone eye drops improve mitochondrial function to prevent severe retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
ROP: 80 Years after Its Detection - Where Do We Stand and How Long Will We Continue to Laser? View Abstract
Therapeutic Effects of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidant Nutritional Supplementation in Retinal Ischemic Diseases. View Abstract
Nutritional interventions to prevent retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid levels correlate with the inflammation proteome in extremely preterm infants. View Abstract
Visual outcome at 2.5 years of age in ?-3 and ?-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplemented preterm infants: a follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. View Abstract
Prognostic Value of Parenteral Nutrition Duration on Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity: Development and Validation of the Revised DIGIROP Clinical Decision Support Tool. View Abstract
In vivo noninvasive mitochondrial redox assessment of the optic nerve head to predict disease. View Abstract
Modification of serum fatty acids in preterm infants by parenteral lipids and enteral docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid: A secondary analysis of the Mega Donna Mega trial. View Abstract
FGF21 via mitochondrial lipid oxidation promotes physiological vascularization in a mouse model of Phase I ROP. View Abstract
Therapeutic activation of endothelial sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 by chaperone-bound S1P suppresses proliferative retinal neovascularization. View Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity: Metabolic risk factors. View Abstract
Murine endothelial serine palmitoyltransferase 1 (SPTLC1) is required for vascular development and systemic sphingolipid homeostasis. View Abstract
Cytochrome P450 oxidase 2J inhibition suppresses choroidal neovascularization in mice. View Abstract
National cohort of infants born before 24 gestational weeks showed increased survival rates but no improvement in neonatal morbidity. View Abstract
Plasma Levels of Bevacizumab and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor After Low-Dose Bevacizumab Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity in Infants. View Abstract
Omega-3/Omega-6 Long-Chain Fatty Acid Imbalance in Phase I Retinopathy of Prematurity. View Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders and somatic diagnoses in a national cohort of children born before 24 weeks of gestation. View Abstract
Müller glial responses compensate for degenerating photoreceptors in retinitis pigmentosa. View Abstract
Association of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Arachidonic Acid Serum Levels With Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Infants. View Abstract
Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in the Preterm Rabbit Pup: Characterization of Cerebrovascular Maturation following Administration of Recombinant Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1/Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1-Binding Protein 3. View Abstract
Development and validation of a new clinical decision support tool to optimize screening for retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Sphingolipidomics of serum in extremely preterm infants: Association between low sphingosine-1-phosphate levels and severe retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Cellular senescence in pathologic retinal angiogenesis. View Abstract
Effect of Enteral Lipid Supplement on Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. View Abstract
Retinal glial remodeling by FGF21 preserves retinal function during photoreceptor degeneration. View Abstract
Decreased Platelet Counts and Serum Levels of VEGF-A, PDGF-BB, and BDNF in Extremely Preterm Infants Developing Severe ROP. View Abstract
Fatty acid oxidation and photoreceptor metabolic needs. View Abstract
Vitreous metabolomics profiling of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. View Abstract
Notice of Withdrawal: Retinal Vasculature in Development and Diseases. View Abstract
Randomized Control Trial of Postnatal rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 Replacement in Preterm Infants: Post-hoc Analysis of Its Effect on Brain Injury. View Abstract
An Ex Vivo Choroid Sprouting Assay of Ocular Microvascular Angiogenesis. View Abstract
Association between low fatty acid levels and platelet count in infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity. View Abstract
Validation of the Retinopathy of Prematurity Activity Scale (ROP-ActS) using retrospective clinical data. View Abstract
Free fatty acid receptor 4 activation protects against choroidal neovascularization in mice. View Abstract
Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Signaling Establishes AP-1 Gradients to Allow for Retinal Endothelial Cell Specialization. View Abstract
Long-Acting FGF21 Inhibits Retinal Vascular Leakage in In Vivo and In Vitro Models. View Abstract
Individual Risk Prediction for Sight-Threatening Retinopathy of Prematurity Using Birth Characteristics. View Abstract
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Retinopathy: Contribution and Limitations of Laboratory Research. View Abstract
Leucocytosis is associated with retinopathy of prematurity in extremely preterm infants. View Abstract
Tailored vs Static Oxygen Saturation Targets to Prevent Retinopathy of Prematurity. View Abstract
Development of a Retinopathy of Prematurity Activity Scale and Clinical Outcome Measures for Use in Clinical Trials. View Abstract
Review shows that donor milk does not promote the growth and development of preterm infants as well as maternal milk. View Abstract
Association of Somatic GNAQ Mutation With Capillary Malformations in a Case of Choroidal Hemangioma. View Abstract
rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 in Preterm Infants: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial. View Abstract
Erythropoietin serum levels, versus anaemia as risk factors for severe retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Retinal Vasculature in Development and Diseases. View Abstract
A Dosing Study of Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity: Late Recurrences and Additional Treatments. View Abstract
Influence of Human Milk and Parenteral Lipid Emulsions on Serum Fatty Acid Profiles in Extremely Preterm Infants. View Abstract
Relation of Retinopathy of Prematurity to Brain Volumes at Term Equivalent Age and Developmental Outcome at 2 Years of Corrected Age in Very Preterm Infants. View Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids decline rapidly in milk from mothers delivering extremely preterm indicating the need for supplementation. View Abstract
Association of Retinopathy of Prematurity With Low Levels of Arachidonic Acid: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. View Abstract
Comparing Alternative Ranibizumab Dosages for Safety and Efficacy in Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. View Abstract
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Protects Photoreceptor Function in Type 1 Diabetic Mice. View Abstract
PPARa is essential for retinal lipid metabolism and neuronal survival. View Abstract
Increased postnatal concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with reduced IGF-I levels and retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Implementing higher oxygen saturation targets reduced the impact of poor weight gain as a predictor for retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
VEGF amplifies transcription through ETS1 acetylation to enable angiogenesis. View Abstract
Adiponectin Mediates Dietary Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Protection Against Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice. View Abstract
Cerebellar Exposure to Cell-Free Hemoglobin Following Preterm Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Causal in Cerebellar Damage? View Abstract
Assessment of Lower Doses of Intravitreous Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Phase 1 Dosing Study. View Abstract
Effects of a lipid emulsion containing fish oil on polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles, growth and morbidities in extremely premature infants: A randomized controlled trial. View Abstract
Inflammatory signals from photoreceptor modulate pathological retinal angiogenesis via c-Fos. View Abstract
Special Commentary: Early Clinical Development of Cell Replacement Therapy: Considerations for the National Eye Institute Audacious Goals Initiative. View Abstract
Sema3f Protects Against Subretinal Neovascularization In Vivo. View Abstract
FGF21 Administration Suppresses Retinal and Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice. View Abstract
IGF-1 as a Drug for Preterm Infants: A Step-Wise Clinical Development. View Abstract
Fenofibrate Inhibits Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase 2C Activity to Suppress Pathological Ocular Angiogenesis. View Abstract
IGF-I in the clinics: Use in retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
IGF-1 in retinopathy of prematurity, a CNS neurovascular disease. View Abstract
Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity Is Associated with Multiple Infectious Episodes and Thrombocytopenia. View Abstract
Role of Insulinlike Growth Factor 1 in Fetal Development and in the Early Postnatal Life of Premature Infants. View Abstract
Neurovascular cross talk in diabetic retinopathy: Pathophysiological roles and therapeutic implications. View Abstract
Cytochrome P450 Oxidase 2C Inhibition Adds to ?-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Protection Against Retinal and Choroidal Neovascularization. View Abstract
Corrigendum: Retinal lipid and glucose metabolism dictates angiogenesis through the lipid sensor Ffar1. View Abstract
Review: adiponectin in retinopathy. View Abstract
Retinal lipid and glucose metabolism dictates angiogenesis through the lipid sensor Ffar1. View Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 has multisystem effects on foetal and preterm infant development. View Abstract
The Eyes Absent Proteins in Developmental and Pathological Angiogenesis. View Abstract
SOCS3 in retinal neurons and glial cells suppresses VEGF signaling to prevent pathological neovascular growth. View Abstract
Serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor in relation to retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Optimization of an Image-Guided Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization Model in Mice. View Abstract
Hypoxia-induced expression of phosducin-like 3 regulates expression of VEGFR-2 and promotes angiogenesis. View Abstract
Netrin-1 - DCC Signaling Systems and Age-Related Macular Degeneration. View Abstract
Effect of Preterm Birth on Postnatal Apolipoprotein and Adipocytokine Profiles. View Abstract
Dietary ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease retinal neovascularization by adipose-endoplasmic reticulum stress reduction to increase adiponectin. View Abstract
Low birth weight is a risk factor for severe retinopathy of prematurity depending on gestational age. View Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor in retinopathy of prematurity: has the time come? View Abstract
Omega-3 supplementation combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor lowers vitreal levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in wet age-related macular degeneration. View Abstract
Weight at first detection of retinopathy of prematurity predicts disease severity. View Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2C8 ?3-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolites increase mouse retinal pathologic neovascularization--brief report. View Abstract
Sirtuin1 over-expression does not impact retinal vascular and neuronal degeneration in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. View Abstract
WINROP identifies severe retinopathy of prematurity at an early stage in a nation-based cohort of extremely preterm infants. View Abstract
Neuronal sirtuin1 mediates retinal vascular regeneration in oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy. View Abstract
Choroid sprouting assay: an ex vivo model of microvascular angiogenesis. View Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
The biology of retinopathy of prematurity: how knowledge of pathogenesis guides treatment. View Abstract
Semaphorin 3F forms an anti-angiogenic barrier in outer retina. View Abstract
Altered cholesterol homeostasis in aged macrophages linked to neovascular macular degeneration. View Abstract
Nutrition, insulin-like growth factor-1 and retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
DNA sequence variants in PPARGC1A, a gene encoding a coactivator of the ?-3 LCPUFA sensing PPAR-RXR transcription complex, are associated with NV AMD and AMD-associated loci in genes of complement and VEGF signaling pathways. View Abstract
Author response: Different efficacy of propranolol in mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy: could differential effects of propranolol be related to differences in mouse strains? View Abstract
Longitudinal infusion of a complex of insulin-like growth factor-I and IGF-binding protein-3 in five preterm infants: pharmacokinetics and short-term safety. View Abstract
Importance of early postnatal weight gain for normal retinal angiogenesis in very preterm infants: a multicenter study analyzing weight velocity deviations for the prediction of retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
LRP5 regulates development of lung microvessels and alveoli through the angiopoietin-Tie2 pathway. View Abstract
SOCS3 is an endogenous inhibitor of pathologic angiogenesis. View Abstract
Propranolol inhibition of ß-adrenergic receptor does not suppress pathologic neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy. View Abstract
Protective inflammasome activation in AMD. View Abstract
Retinal expression of Wnt-pathway mediated genes in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5) knockout mice. View Abstract
Wnt signaling mediates pathological vascular growth in proliferative retinopathy. View Abstract
Restraint of angiogenesis by zinc finger transcription factor CTCF-dependent chromatin insulation. View Abstract
Ghrelin modulates physiologic and pathologic retinal angiogenesis through GHSR-1a. View Abstract
Maternal and neonatal factors associated with poor early weight gain and later retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Resveratrol inhibits pathologic retinal neovascularization in Vldlr(-/-) mice. View Abstract
Current update on retinopathy of prematurity: screening and treatment. View Abstract
Lipid metabolites in the pathogenesis and treatment of neovascular eye disease. View Abstract
Ischemic neurons prevent vascular regeneration of neural tissue by secreting semaphorin 3A. View Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase metabolite 4-HDHA is a mediator of the antiangiogenic effect of ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. View Abstract
Analysis of candidate genes for macular telangiectasia type 2. View Abstract
Postnatal weight gain modifies severity and functional outcome of oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy. View Abstract
Predicting proliferative retinopathy in a Brazilian population of preterm infants with the screening algorithm WINROP. View Abstract
Vitreal levels of erythropoietin are increased in patients with retinal vein occlusion and correlate with vitreal VEGF and the extent of macular edema. View Abstract
Calpain inhibitors reduce retinal hypoxia in ischemic retinopathy by improving neovascular architecture and functional perfusion. View Abstract
Moderate GSK-3ß inhibition improves neovascular architecture, reduces vascular leakage, and reduces retinal hypoxia in a model of ischemic retinopathy. View Abstract
An eye for discovery. View Abstract
SIRT1 is essential for normal cognitive function and synaptic plasticity. View Abstract
Short communication: PPAR gamma mediates a direct antiangiogenic effect of omega 3-PUFAs in proliferative retinopathy. View Abstract
The mouse retina as an angiogenesis model. View Abstract
High or low oxygen saturation and severe retinopathy of prematurity: a meta-analysis. View Abstract
Longitudinal postnatal weight measurements for the prediction of retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Quantification of oxygen-induced retinopathy in the mouse: a model of vessel loss, vessel regrowth and pathological angiogenesis. View Abstract
Validation of a new retinopathy of prematurity screening method monitoring longitudinal postnatal weight and insulinlike growth factor I. View Abstract
A pharmacokinetic and dosing study of intravenous insulin-like growth factor-I and IGF-binding protein-3 complex to preterm infants. View Abstract
Early weight gain predicts retinopathy in preterm infants: new, simple, efficient approach to screening. View Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity: current concepts in molecular pathogenesis. View Abstract
Emerging treatments for retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
A mechanosensitive transcriptional mechanism that controls angiogenesis. View Abstract
Quantification and localization of the IGF/insulin system expression in retinal blood vessels and neurons during oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice. View Abstract
Suppression of retinal neovascularization by erythropoietin siRNA in a mouse model of proliferative retinopathy. View Abstract
Use of Bayesian networks to probabilistically model and improve the likelihood of validation of microarray findings by RT-PCR. View Abstract
Through the eyes of a child: understanding retinopathy through ROP the Friedenwald lecture. View Abstract
A double-edged sword: erythropoietin eyed in retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Erythropoietin deficiency decreases vascular stability in mice. View Abstract
Overstaying their welcome: defective CX3CR1 microglia eyed in macular degeneration. View Abstract
Increased dietary intake of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces pathological retinal angiogenesis. View Abstract
IGFBP3 suppresses retinopathy through suppression of oxygen-induced vessel loss and promotion of vascular regrowth. View Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Longitudinal postnatal weight and insulin-like growth factor I measurements in the prediction of retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Postnatal head growth deficit among premature infants parallels retinopathy of prematurity and insulin-like growth factor-1 deficit. View Abstract
Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Retinopathy of Prematurity: an update on ROP from the lab to the nursery (November 2003, Anaheim, California). View Abstract
A radically twisted lipid regulates vascular death. View Abstract
Quantitative multi-gene transcriptional profiling using real-time PCR with a master template. View Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor is a substrate for matrix metalloproteinase type 2 and type 9: implications for downregulation in hypoxia. View Abstract
IGF-1 and retinopathy of prematurity in the preterm infant. View Abstract
Periorbital lymphatic malformation: clinical course and management in 42 patients. View Abstract
Mechanical stretch is a highly selective regulator of gene expression in human bladder smooth muscle cells. View Abstract
Bone marrow-derived stem cells preserve cone vision in retinitis pigmentosa. View Abstract
Can we restore aspects of the in utero environment in premature infants to prevent disease? View Abstract
Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta1 induction of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1: mechanism of pericyte-induced vascular survival in vivo. View Abstract
Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Adipose tissue growth and regression are regulated by angiopoietin-1. View Abstract
Postnatal serum insulin-like growth factor I deficiency is associated with retinopathy of prematurity and other complications of premature birth. View Abstract
Selective stimulation of VEGFR-1 prevents oxygen-induced retinal vascular degeneration in retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Inhibition of the mammary carcinoma angiogenic switch in C3(1)/SV40 transgenic mice by a mutated form of human endostatin. View Abstract
Stem cells go for the eyes. View Abstract
Molecular profiling of angiogenesis markers. View Abstract
IGF-I is critical for normal vascularization of the human retina. View Abstract
RP-forme fruste. View Abstract
Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Low IGF-I suppresses VEGF-survival signaling in retinal endothelial cells: direct correlation with clinical retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Nonvascular role for VEGF: VEGFR-1, 2 activity is critical for neural retinal development. View Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 in retinal ganglion cells: association with axonally transported proteins. View Abstract
Angiogenesis as a potential biomarker in prostate cancer chemoprevention trials. View Abstract
Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent retinal neovascularization by insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor. View Abstract
Oligonucleotide-based inhibition of embryonic gene expression. View Abstract
Progressive juvenile onset punctate cataracts caused by mutation of the gamma D crystalline gene View Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor-induced retinal permeability is mediated by protein kinase C in vivo and suppressed by an orally effective beta-isoform-selective inhibitor. View Abstract
Essential role of growth hormone in ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization. View Abstract
Histopathology and vascular endothelial growth factor in untreated and diode laser-treated retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by oxygen in a model of retinopathy of prematurity. View Abstract
Oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit retinal neovascularization in a murine model of proliferative retinopathy. View Abstract
Suppression of retinal neovascularization in vivo by inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using soluble VEGF-receptor chimeric proteins. View Abstract
Enamel hypoplasia, bilateral cataracts, and aqueductal stenosis: a new syndrome? View Abstract
Conjunctival biopsy in patients with Kawasaki disease. View Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor expression in a mouse model of retinal neovascularization. View Abstract
Oxygen-induced retinopathy in the mouse. View Abstract
Effect of light on oxygen-induced retinopathy in the mouse. View Abstract
Microscopic visualization of the retina by angiography with high-molecular-weight fluorescein-labeled dextrans in the mouse. View Abstract
Alterations in endothelial superoxide dismutase levels as a function of growth state in vitro. View Abstract
Kawasaki Syndrome in the Eye View Abstract
Characterization of vascular development in the mouse retina. View Abstract
Ophthalmic evaluation of survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. View Abstract
Neuroanatomy of the human visual system: part II- Retinal projections to the superior colliculus and pulvinar View Abstract
A retinohypothalamic pathway in man: light mediation of circadian rhythms. View Abstract
Paraphenylenediamine: a new method for tracing human visual pathways. View Abstract
Direct demonstration of transsynaptic degeneration in the human visual system View Abstract
Alpha-secondary tritium isotope effects in the aqueous hydrolysis of glycopyranosides of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine. View Abstract
Mechanism for lysozyme-catalyzed hydrolysis. View Abstract