The Hypertension Program at Boston Children’s Hospital was developed specifically to treat children, adolescents, and young adults with high blood pressure (hypertension). Our clinical staff brings together a number of providers from various sub-specialties who work as a team to provide the most consistent, comprehensive, and personalized care..
High blood pressure can come in two forms:
Primary (essential) hypertension means that there is no obvious underlying cause for the high blood pressure that can be attributed to a disorder of the heart or kidneys or some hormonal imbalance. Primary hypertension can run in families so it is thought there may be inherited factors that can interact with aspects of an individual’s lifestyle to cause the high blood pressure.
- About 35 percent of the children and adolescents we see in our program have primary hypertension.
- The incidence of primary hypertension in school-aged adolescents has nearly doubled in the last 30 years. This is believed to be associated with the steady increase in childhood obesity rates.
- Lifestyle modifications are an important part of our treatment for all patients. We emphasize that weight control, exercise, and a healthy diet will help improve blood pressure and overall health.
Secondary hypertension means that the elevation in blood pressure is caused by another medical condition.
- About 65 percent of the children and adolescents in our program receive treatment for secondary hypertension. Underlying causes for secondary hypertension include kidney, heart, and blood vessel disease, or endocrine/hormonal imbalances. In addition, a number of medications may result in elevated blood pressure.
- Children with suspected secondary hypertension undergo a thorough evaluation with initiation of directed therapy whenever possible. Since we work within Boston Children’s Hospital, our clinical staff is able to communicate directly with other specialists and facilitate referrals when appropriate. This collaborative effort allows us to provide optimal treatment for each child or adolescent.
No matter what the underlying cause of an individual’s high blood pressure, the team of specialists in the Hypertension Program works to implement a treatment plan that can yield both short-term and long-term results.